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Navigating Self-Esteem in the Digital Age: Social media and its effects

Navigating Self-Esteem in the Digital Age: Social media and its effects

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In Kenya as in many parts of the world today, social media has transcended its initial basic use as a medium for sending messages and sharing memes. It’s now a major part of our identity. From TikTok dances in Machakos to Instagram photoshoots in Nairobi’s Arboretum, Kenyan’s online presence has become tightly linked to culture and self-image. But even as social media connects and entertains, it is also quietly shaping our mental health in subtle ways that easily go unnoticed.

There’s a certain feel good emotion that comes from a post getting traction. It’s the burst of dopamine with every notification of a new “like”. Social media can be a source of validation, especially when used to share work, celebrate milestones, or network. In fact, many Kenyans have used platforms like Twitter (now X) and YouTube to build brands, businesses, and even social movements. Pages like Mental 360 Kenya and influencers like Adelle Onyango are creating spaces to talk openly about mental health (Mental 360, 2023; Onyango, 2023).

However, social media can also fuel a culture of comparison. You might have heard the term “highlight reel”; it’s the culmination of curated perfection we sometimes see online; from “soft life” aesthetics to luxury getaways, seeing this on an everyday basis can make everyday life feel… Well, not enough, and for many young people just trying to get by, this is disheartening. 

An article published in Frontiers on mental health among university students found that young Kenyans who spent more than five hours daily on social media were more than 2 times more likely to report higher levels of anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem (Mugotitsa et al., 2025). These numbers confirm what many feel; the constant comparison is mentally draining.

Social media can subtly push us to perform. From keeping up with trends to curating a page of just your best moments; it’s easy to feel like you’re always on display. The pressure to post regularly, look flawless, or even fake a certain lifestyle for validation can become exhausting and damaging to your sense of self-worth.

But There’s Hope and Support

Despite its challenges, social media can be a powerful tool for connection and healing when used intentionally. Podcasts like Legally Clueless help to normalize discussions around personal struggles, reminding listeners that no one has it all figured out (Onyango, 2023). And offline, organizations like KITCANet are mobilising communities through workshops to feel empowered to navigate online spaces safely (Nyakundi, 2025).

If social media ever feels overwhelming, take a break. Unfollow pages that make you feel inadequate. Follow content that uplifts you or teaches you something useful. Talk to someone you trust or explore local mental health resources like those offered by Mental 360 and Chiromo Mental Health Hospital.

Social media is a tool and not a mirror of your worth. You’re more than your followers, likes, or filters. 

References